摘要:社会资本由于能够反映团队内部成员之间的互动关系和资源的流动方向为研究团队创造力提供了新的思路和方法,但现有文献缺乏社会资本对跨学科研究团队创造力作用机制的研究。借鉴知识管理理论和组织支持理论,将知识整合和领导支持引入跨学科研究团队创造力的研究中,分析社会资本的三个维度—结构社会资本、关系社会资本和认知社会资本对跨学科研究团队创造力的作用机制。以知识整合为中介变量,领导支持为调节变量,构建了社会资本影响跨学科研究团队创造力的有调节的中介模型。基于C9某研究型高校46个跨学科研究团队的346名成员的问卷调查的实证分析发现:结构社会资本、关系社会资本和认知社会资本对跨学科研究团队创造力有显著正向影响,知识整合对跨学科研究团队创造力有显著正向影响。知识整合在结构社会资本和关系社会资本与团队创造力的关系中分别起到部分中介作用;而在认知社会资本与团队创造力的关系中起完全中介作用;领导支持正向调节知识整合的中介作用。本研究为跨学科研究团队创造力的影响因素及其作用机制的研究做出了贡献,丰富了社会资本和团队创造力的相关研究,并为指导跨学科研究团队知识管理实践提供了理论指导。

关键词：跨学科研究团队;社会资本;知识整合;领导支持;团队创造力

Abstract: Interdisciplinary research teams play an important role in solving complex problems and achieving breakthrough innovation. However, due to different disciplinary backgrounds, there is not as much interaction among members as expected, and team knowledge is not effectively utilized, which leads to low level of team creativity. Since social capital can reflect the interaction between team members and the flow of resources, it provides a new perspective for the research on team creativity. Scholars at home and abroad have conducted a preliminary study on the relationship between social capital and team creativity, but they have not reached a consensus on the relationship between them. This may be because existing research has not investigated the intermediate mechanism of the influence of social capital on team creativity. From the perspective of knowledge-based view, the integration of scattered knowledge is key to team efficiency and team creativity. Especially for interdisciplinary research teams featured with knowledge heterogeneity, knowledge integration is an important factor affecting team creativity. In addition, due to the complexity and uncertainty of interdisciplinary research projects, team members are more likely to be faced with difficulties and challenges, which may inhibit creativity. At this time, team leaders can help improve team members' self-confidence and enhance their work initiative by providing resource support or emotional support, thus affect team creativity. Therefore, based on knowledge management theory and organizational support theory, this study introduces knowledge integration and leadership support into research on team creativity of interdisciplinary research teams, and analyzes the influence of three dimensions of social capital: structural social capital, relational social capital and cognitive social capital on team creativity of interdisciplinary research teams. Taking knowledge integration as the mediating variable and leadership support as the moderating variable, this study builds a moderated mediation model about the influence of social capital on team creativity to reveal the influencing mechanism of social capital on team creativity in interdisciplinary research teams.Based on the survey data of 346 members of 46 interdisciplinary research teams in a C9 research university, this study applies hierarchical regression analysis and Monte Carlo simulation to test the direct effects, indirect effects and conditional indirect effects among variables, the empirical analysis indicates that structural social capital, relational social capital and cognitive social capital have significant positive effects on team creativity in interdisciplinary research teams.Knowledge integration has a significant positive impact on team creativity in interdisciplinary research teams. Knowledge integration plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between structural social capital, relational social capital and team creativity, and a complete mediating role in the relationship between cognitive social capital and team creativity. Leadership support positively moderates the mediating role of knowledge integration. This study enriches the research of team creativity, applies knowledge integration to the research of team creativity in interdisciplinary research teams. Thus, it promotes the combination of knowledge management theory and team creativity research, and enriches the connotation and extension of team creativity in interdisciplinary research teams. The impact of social capital on team creativity may have time lag. Future research can further our understanding of the influencing mechanism between social capital and team creativity by collecting longitudinal data and expanding data sources. In addition, knowledge integration plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between structural capital, relationship capital and team creativity, which indicates that there may be other intermediate paths. Future research can explore other possible mediating mechanisms to carry out further research.

Keyword：interdisciplinary research teams; social capital; knowledge integration; leader support; team creativity;