摘要：科技援疆是国家推进新疆边疆少数民族地区自主创新和自我发展，破解区域发展不平衡不充分矛盾的重大战略举措。本文以科技援疆战略为准自然实验，基于2003-2017年西部大开发11个省份的面板数据，利用双重差分法实证检验了科技援疆战略对新疆创新能力的影响，研究发现：科技援疆战略对新疆创新能力产生了显著负向影响，说明科技援疆战略未能有效提高新疆创新能力；而动态效应分析也表明，科技援疆战略不但未能提高新疆创新能力，反而导致新疆区域创新发展陷入了“政策性陷阱”;进一步的影响机制检验结果显示，技术效应、配置效应和结构效应在科技援疆战略对新疆创新能力产生影响中具有中介作用，但三大效应未能有效发挥作用从而产生科技援疆创新资源聚集的“低效率陷阱”、市场配置援疆创新资源的作用不足、享受政策扶持产业企业对政策的依赖、政策扶持使有竞争力的企业被挤出等，是新疆区域创新发展陷入“政策性陷阱”的重要原因。

关键词：科技援疆; 战略; 创新能力; 双重差分模型

Abstract：Science and technology aid to Xinjiang is a major strategic measure for the state to promote independent innovation and self-development in Xinjiang border minority areas, and to solve the imbalance and insufficient contradiction of regional development. Based on the panel data of 11 provinces in the western development from 2003 to 2017, this paper empirically tests the impact of science and technology aid strategy on Xinjiang's innovation ability by using the double difference method. The results show that: The strategy of aiding Xinjiang with science and technology has a significant negative impact on Xinjiang's innovation ability, which indicates that the strategy of aiding Xinjiang with science and technology has failed to effectively improve Xinjiang's innovation ability; The dynamic effect analysis also shows that the strategy of science and technology aid to Xinjiang not only fails to improve Xinjiang's innovation ability, but also leads to the “policy trap” of Xinjiang's regional innovation development; The results of further impact mechanism test show that technology effect, allocation effect and structure effect play an intermediary role in the impact of science and technology aid strategy on Xinjiang's innovation ability, but the three effects fail to play an effective role, resulting in the “low efficiency trap” of science and technology aid innovation resources accumulation, the insufficient role of market allocation of innovation resources in Xinjiang, and the low efficiency trap of science and technology aid innovation resources accumulation The important reasons for Xinjiang's regional innovation and development to fall into the “policy trap” are the dependence of industrial enterprises on policies and the crowding out of competitive enterprises.

Keyword：science and technology aid Xinjiang; strategy; innovation ability; double difference model

文章作者：吴正平，朱桂龙，付霞

作者单位：华南理工大学工商管理学院

新疆农业大学管理学院

全文已刊发在《科学学研究》2022年第4期