您现在的位置:

20

2022

-

06

【论文速递】政策引导对中小企业创新绩效的影响机理研究


摘要:当前尽管学界围绕政策引导与企业创新间关系取得了丰硕成果,但仍缺乏揭示二者间影响过程的相关研究,且少有研究关注不同类型政策引导方式对企业创新绩效的影响效果。基于现有理论和文献,以国内457家科技型中小企业为研究对象,构建政策引导影响中小企业创新绩效的理论模型并进行实证检验。研究发现:(1)直接性政策引导和间接性政策引导均能显著促进企业创新绩效,且直接性政策引导的促进作用更强;(2)直接性政策引导与企业创新能力之间存在显著倒U型关系,创新能力还在政策引导和企业创新绩效关系间发挥部分中介作用,且在间接性政策引导与创新绩效关系间发挥出的中介作用更强;(3)企业规模正向调节间接性政策引导与企业创新绩效间的关系;(4)研发补贴、企业所得税减免和研发费用加计扣除是最能提升中小企业创新绩效的三种政策引导方式。

 

关键词: 政策引导, 创新绩效, 创新能力, 企业规模, 中小企业

 

Abstract: Government policies to guide the innovation and development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can usually be divided into direct policy guidance and indirect policy guidance. In practice, government departments at all levels vigorously promote the innovation and development of SMEs by playing a good combination of policies. However, does policy guidance affect the innovation performance of SMEs? Further, what policy guidance can promote the innovation and development of SMEs? The research on these problems can provide effective ideas for the implementation of national innovation-driven development strategy and the reform of government science and technology system. Up to now, although scholars have made fruitful achievements in the relationship between policy guidance and enterprise innovation, there is still a lack of relevant research to reveal the process of influence between the two. And few studies compare the impact of different types of policy guidance on enterprise innovation performance. Based on the theoretical research literature and practical interview, this study constructs a theoretical model of policy guidance affecting the innovation performance of SMEs. On this basis, the study takes 457 technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises in the mainland of China as the research object, and then empirically test the relationship among the variables such as policy guidance, enterprise innovation ability, enterprise scale, enterprise innovation performance, and identify the differences in the effect of different types of policy guidance on enterprise innovation performance. The results of multiple regression analysis show, Firstly, both direct and indirect policy guidance can significantly promote SMEs innovation performance, and the effect of direct policy guidance is stronger; Secondly, there is a significantly inverted U-shaped relationship between direct policy guidance and SMEs innovation capability. The innovation capability also plays a partial intermediary role in the relationship between policy guidance and SMEs innovation performance, and its intermediary role is stronger in the relationship between indirect policy guidance and SMEs innovation performance; Thirdly, enterprise size positively moderates the relationship between indirect policy guidance and SMEs innovation performance; Lastly, R&D subsidies, enterprise income tax deduction and weighted deduction for R&D expenses are the three policy guidance ways that can best improve the innovation performance of SMEs. Based on the above research, this study draws the following policy implications: (1) improving the innovation performance of SMEs is the ultimate goal of government policy guidance. At the same time, it is necessary to improve the innovation ability and performance of SMEs. (2) Direct policy guidance has an inverted U relationship with the innovation capacity of SMEs, which suggests that the government should set a certain standard for enterprise support, and when some enterprises meet this standard, it should consider other ways to promote the innovation ability of SMEs, rather than continue to blindly carry out direct support in order to avoid waste and inefficiency of resources. (3) There are obvious differences in the role of different types of policy guidance in promoting enterprise innovation performance, which requires government departments to conduct in-depth research on SMEs, and then adopt targeted guidance measures according to the characteristics of different enterprises, different stages of development and different needs, so as to avoid the "one-size-fits-all ". In addition, according to the research findings in this study, it is suggested that for the newly established and lack of resources, the direct policy guidance should be the main, but for the SMEs that have developed to a certain scale and have strong strength, we should consider indirect policy guidance to stimulate the due effect of different policies.

 

Key words: policy guidance, innovation performance, innovation capability, enterprise size, SMEs

 

文章作者:郑烨,刘遥

作者单位:西北工业大学公共政策与管理学院

西北工业大学 管理学院

上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院

全文已刊发在《科研管理》2021年第4期

关键词:

合作伙伴

查看更多 >