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【论文速递】我国多螺旋创新生态载体的内涵特征、理论框架与实践模式研究——基于山东省创新创业共同体实证研究


摘要:创新创业共同体是创新模式实践进化和创新理论体系动态演化的产物,其本质是通过创新资源组织形态,打破各创新主体边界,深化多主体协同创新,改变区域科技和经济的基本结构及运行逻辑,以创新驱动实现高质量发展。从创新创业共同体的概念出发,分析创新创业共同体的特征,基于多螺旋理论从主体层、行为层、功能层、目标层4个层面构建了创新创业共同体组织架构,认为其组织架构范式从三螺旋模式向多螺旋模式转变,政府、企业、高校、科研机构、新型研发机构、金融机构、服务机构和用户之间相互作用。结合案例分析,进一步总结了创新创业共同体的管理模式和运行机制,针对我国创新联合体建设,提出应找准政策导向与区域发展的最佳契合点、统筹多元创新要素的协同作用、优化组织设计凸显运营主体效应、创新体制机制释放制度创新溢出效应。

 

关键词:创新生态载体;多螺旋;创新创业共同体;协同创新

 

Abstract: The innovative ecological carrier is an institutional design that can integrate scientific research activities and commercialized technological innovation and strengthen the relationship between scientific and technological resources and economic development. In China, it has been highly valued by the leaders of the Communist Party of China and the central government, while various exploratory carriers of this type have emerged. With the continuous development of the practical process of the ecological innovation carrier, its connotation is constantly enriched, showing new characteristics and new models, but the academic circles, in theory, have not yet formed mature theoretical research on this. At the same time,the research on innovation ecological carriers mostly stays at the macro and meso perspectives at the national and regional levels, et cetera, and it is insufficient to explore the characteristics and models of ecological innovation carriers from the organizational level(Zhao et al, 2021; Li & Chen, 2019; Li & Zhang, 2019). To effectively create an innovative ecological carrier, the construction of the Shandong provincial-level innovation and entrepreneurship community provides a good reference for the construction of China's innovative ecological carrier. This study takes the construction of the Shandong provincial-level innovation and entrepreneurship community as an example to reveal the characteristics and organizational structure paradigm of the innovation ecological carrier construction and provide theoretical support for the construction of China's innovation consortium.Through literature review and case study, this article defines the concept of innovation and entrepreneurship community, and analyzes its characteristics from four aspects:(1) The establishment of an independent legal person modern governance organization system model will help to give its scope of power, functions and laws status.(2) Having the ability to coordinate the cross-border allocation of innovative resources, using policies, systems, organizations, and other mechanisms to allocate efficiently, integrate and gather superior regional resources, can produce agglomeration value-added and spillover effects.(3) The formation of a scientific and technological innovation collaborative research project model can make breakthroughs in major key technologies.(4) Establishing a mechanism for co-construction and sharing innovative resources can promote the formation of a community of interests of all subjects. Then, based on the N-helix theory, from 4 layers, namely the subject layer, the behavior layer, the function layer, and the target layer, this article constructs the organizational structure of the Innovation and entrepreneurship community, revealing its construction mechanism and the relationship between the innovation subjects. Multi-agent participation is the foundation for realizing the goals of innovation and entrepreneurship community when multi-agent collaborative innovation is the foundation. In addition, function play is the key when achieving high-quality regional development is the ultimate goal of innovation and entrepreneurship community construction.Through the analysis of the construction practice of innovation and entrepreneurship community, this article summarizes the four common characteristics of the construction of innovative ecological carriers:(1) The best fit between policy orientation and regional development should be identified, new policies for consortium construction and industrial upgrades are used to promptly seize the dividends brought about by the policies.(2) The synergy of multiple innovation elements of "politics, industry, academia, research, finance, service, and application" should be coordinated. The effective agglomeration of innovation elements should be accelerated, and the traditional closed innovation should be broken to enhance the synergy of the innovation ecosystem.(3) Organizational design should be optimized, an independent legal person modern governance organizational system model should be established, and a professional institution with independent legal person qualifications should be set up to be responsible for design and operation, to highlight the main body effect of the operation.(4) Institutions and mechanisms should be innovated, while member units should be encouraged to carry out flexible and diverse cooperation and establish a new model of multi-agent collaborative governance and a stable and long-term cooperation mechanism to release the spillover effects of institutional innovation.

 

Key Words: the innovative ecological carrier;N-helix; the innovation and entrepreneurship community; collaborative innovation

 

文章作者:武玉青,李海波,陈娜,白寿辉

作者单位:齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)管理学院

齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)科学学研究所

齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)政法学院

山东青年政治学院科研处

全文已刊发在《科学学与科学技术管理》2022年第3期

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